✚ What key social, political, economic, and scientific-technical changes defined the culture of Russian modernism? ✚ What is the origin of the term "decadence" and how was it used in the Russian literary environment of the late 19th – early 20th centuries? ✚ What are the mechanisms for shaping a writer's reputation? ✚ What is the institutional feature of Russian modernist literature? ✚ What role did circles and other associations play in the development of Russian literature of the early 20th century? ✚ How did the periodical press develop at the turn of the 20th century, and how did this influence the literary process? ✚ What contributed to the development of popular culture at the beginning of the 20th century? ✚ What were the main forms of cultural transfer at the beginning of the 20th century?